Are you concerned someone you know is having thoughts of suicide? This can be a very distressing situation as it can be hard to know how to help.
It's common for people to think that talking about suicide increases the risk. This is not the case. This myth can stop important discussions from taking place.
Rather than putting the idea into someone’s head, having an open and supportive conversation gives them the opportunity to talk about their distress. They will feel relieved and cared for, and this discussion can prevent suicidal action in the future.
How to have the conversation
When it comes to starting a conversation with someone at risk of suicide, we can often feel at a loss about what to do.
The following steps, based on LivingWorks Australia’s safeTALK training, provide a useful guide for starting a conversation about suicide.
Step 1: Identify your concerns
Notice how the person is looking and feeling. What are they are saying and doing? What significant events are occurring in their lives? What is it that indicates the person may be thinking of suicide?
Consider these signs as invitations to check in with the person – they are often indirect expressions of distress that we need to connect with.
Step 2: Ask directly about suicide
A good way to do this is to state the invitations you have noticed and express your concern. Asking directly is crucial, as it gives the person permission to speak about what they are going through.
Here is an example of how to ask:
‘I’ve noticed that you’ve seemed really low recently and haven’t been doing things you usually enjoy. Sometimes when people are feeling this way they have thoughts of suicide. Are you having thoughts of suicide?'
Remember, if the person is having thoughts of suicide, you want them to say ‘yes’ – this means that you can work together to do something about it.
Step 3: Listen to their response
Showing that you are open and willing to listen helps reduce the person's sense of shame. Remaining calm and non-judgmental allows them to express their distress, perhaps for the first time, and still feel accepted (many people fear they won’t be).
It can be tempting to offer solutions at this point, but don’t jump to problem-solving. It is more valuable to validate the person’s feelings. Inviting them to talk about their thoughts of suicide is a way to demonstrate your concern and show that you're taking their experiences seriously.
Step 4: If you're worried seek help
Talk to the person about how you can work together. Tell them there are other options to suicide.
Be honest in telling them that you are concerned and need extra help to support them. Let them know that you can’t keep this a secret – their safety is too important.
Don’t assume they will get better without help or that they will seek help on their own. The supports you link them to might be crisis helplines, mental health professionals, or emergency services.
Crisis contacts (available 24/7)
- Lifeline: 13 11 14
- Suicide Call Back Service: 1300 659 467
- Kids Helpline: 1800 55 1800
- In an emergency, call 000
If the person will not agree to stay safe, check out if they are able to carry out their plan. Do they have a planned time, place, or method? If so, reach out to support services immediately. It is important to do this step together, rather than asking the person to agree to do it later.
Stay with them and ask how you can help. For example, you could offer to start the conversation with a helpline so that the person doesn’t have to repeat their story from scratch. Make it clear to the support service that the person needs assistance because they are having thoughts of suicide.
Key things to remember
Thoughts of suicide are common and can occur in anyone
The person you know is still the same person they were before, they are just feeling extremely distressed right now. Indeed, they may feel just as scared by their thoughts of suicide as you are for them. You can talk about this.
Ambivalence is key
If the person is talking to you about their thoughts of suicide, then they are unsure whether they want to live or die.
Part of them feels overwhelmed by distress and considers suicide an option to relieve their intense emotional pain. Another part of them wants, or hopes, to fix whatever is causing the distress. This is why suicide is often described as ‘a permanent solution to a temporary problem’.
It’s not the time to problem-solve when someone is in crisis, yet you can remind them that they need to survive in order to have the opportunity to lead the life they want.
You don't need to provide a solution
You don’t need to know how to fix the problems that have led the person to consider suicide. You just need to be there to acknowledge what they are going through, show that you care and assist them to get help.
Consider this ‘mental health first aid’. Your role is to help them survive and access further treatment.
Look after yourself
Supporting someone who is feeling suicidal can be incredibly stressful. Make sure that you take time out for self-care and doing things you enjoy, and that you have people to talk to about how you are going.
Your supports may be family or friends, or a mental health professional – crisis helplines are for carers too.
